Global water resource management is undergoing a profound transformation. From the EU Water Framework Directive and stringent drinking water quality controls by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), to the full implementation of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environment Monitoring, countries are continuously strengthening regulatory requirements for water quality safety. The...
In water treatment, environmental monitoring, and industrial process control, sodium ion concentration is a critical parameter. Whether in boiler feedwater, drinking water purification, or aquaculture, excessive sodium content can lead to corrosion, scaling, or degraded water quality. Traditional laboratory sampling and testing suffer from significant lag and cannot meet the demands of real-time m...
